Research
advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment are dramatic in both
hereditary and sporadic cancer.
Mutations
in BRCA1 and BRCA2, mismatch-repair genes (MLH1, MSH, MSH6 and
PMSH2 and CDH1 are responsible for several hereditary syndromes
including breast ovarian cancer (HBOC), nonpolyposis colorectal
cancer (Lynch) and diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). CHEK2*110delC
germline mutation increases by three fold the risk of breast
cancer.
For
the common sporadic cancer exciting research towards prediction
of prognosis and response to specific therapies of individuals
with cancer is based on: